Abstract
Openness in organizations to obtain new ideas or create alternative paths to market, enables the identification of new elements in innovation management. This article sets out how, as of the liberalization of the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) sector in Spain, firms incorporate external agents and expertise. Through the analysis of patent data, this article identifies those elements related to the establishment of collaboration agreements in innovation.© 2018, Facultad de Contaduría y Administración, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. All rights reserved. Publication of the article implies full assignment of property rights (copyright) in Journal of Contaduría y Administración. The publication mreserves the right to total or partial reproduction of the work in other print, electronic or any other alternative means, but always recognizing its responsibility.
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